Well...I think that depends. First off....what car are we talking here? A factory TDI in MKIII/IV, passat, etc. or is this a swapped car with a 020 trans in it possibly.
If its MKIII/IV , passat, etc. It'd be hard to fudge cableshift up that much on the install unless he messed with the shifter cable adjustments, etc. and really fouled them up. I've had quite a bit of experience with cable shift (converted two cars from auto to manual, one my 'rado I used to have) but have found it hard to "lose" 5th gear completely even with a messed up linkage alignment at the shifter, etc. Though, I suppose that doesn't mean its impossible. They can be really sloppy feeling sometimes, etc. But if your hitting all the other gears without issue...then I'd question things.
If its an 020 trans we are talking about from an older car in a swapped car...that could be a different story. You could lose 5th, but if you did you'd also have issues with 1st and reverse as well. Was this car a 4 speed converted to a 5 speed? If all the 5 speed linkage arms at the tranny weren't used...it could be a problem. Though I haven't had it happen personally in a 4-5speed swap with 020's, I've heard of people having issues when they use the 4 speed style gate (mounted at shifter base, under car) on early MK1's with the 5 speed swap and loosing 5th there...
A little more info on the car would be good. But there is something to start with...sounds like it could really need to be aligned, etc. (shifter and cable adjustment for 02a/j style cable shift trannies) or (adjustment at shifter for 020 trannies, possibly need to look at shifting linkage at tranny as well.)
Joe