What's the black rubber cap for? Not visible in pic (upper left corner), on the vent hose there's a sensor with 2 wires. What is that?
Don't mean to be a dick but you could find the answers to your questions by searching. Since I am not a dick (I hope), the manifold nipple is where a hose goes that connects to the turbo pump LDA to increase fuel with increasing boost. The electrical plug on the CCV hose is a small heater to keep the CCV hose from freezing up.
I think the cap you are talking about is the BOV AKA overboost protector.
The thing circled is the capped off nipple for the small vac line stuff to go on for an LDA pump.
That's a great place to connect a boost gauge to.
I had a Passat Eco and I borrowed the small plastic line going to the EGR and used it to my boost gauge.
The TD LDA connection. I did this conversion on mine. Also put a tee in line for a boost gauge. AFAIK there's no BOV on the ecodiesel.
Don't mean to be a dick but you could find the answers to your questions by searching.
getting a bentley wouldn't hurt either. seems like you're long overdue.