I'm new to diesels, but not to turbo's.
it really is not a BOV, but an overboost protection valve.since a diesel does not have a throttle plate, there are no dangerous spikes in boost pressure(that a BOV protects against)
...BTW your Bieber avatar is awesome.-Malone
... So what happens in these engines when you run too much boost, say a spike,...
I really don't think there is such thing as too much boost for these. Maybe over 30??? I am set at 25psi with the k24 not intercooled right now, but it is highs of 30F since I have done it. I will intercool, but I think 25psi is a safe upper limit for the turbo and the block. I don't hit it every time I boost either, so that my help.
Pretty much it just feels like you stepped off the gas for a few long seconds till the spring re-seats it.