What you are measuring is how much power is being converted to heat due to resistance in the wires/connections. If after cleaning the connections you are still getting a high voltage drop you most likely have bad cables
jumpers typically don't get the best connections. They are designed to transfer electricity at a rate slower then what the starter draws. You can definitely try hooking them up directly to the starter and seeing if that helps.
If I read your post correctly, you have only confirmed one glow plug. Am I correct? I can tell you from personal experience that with only one functioning glow plug your car will probably not start.
If you have a block heater you might not have to pull start it. If it's just the glow plugs a block heater will compensate for that.
If he said you can basically have the other rabbit snag that up.Id take it. :wink: